Haunted by Alan Greenspan, gloom is descending over Wall Street. Investors
are nervous that the central bank will hike rates several more times to
slow down an economy that so far shows little sign of faltering. Yet there
is an intriguing piece of evidence that suggests the economy is already
weakening.
Specifically, corporate bond yields, after adjusting for inflation, are at
levels that have never failed to brake the economy in the past. Real
corporate bond yields are almost 7% and real junk bond yields are nearly
10%. The junk bond market is especially important to watch. The 600 billion
dollar junk bond market is an important source of funds for marginal
companies. Yet these companies are very vulnerable to the economic cycle. A
clear sign that lenders are anticipating good economic times ahead is when
junk bond yields come down and new issue volume soars. On the other hand,
when leverage is high and investors expect the economy will weaken, junk
bond yields skyrocket, and new issue activity plummets. After all, many
junk bond companies struggle to meet their steep debt payments when the
economy slows. Right now, investors are shunning the junk bond market.
It's not just junk. Real mortgage interest rates are at 6.5%. The
NASDAQ is down almost 40% since its high in early March. Taken altogether,
the good news is that the Fed's tightening campaign could end sooner than
expected. The bad news is that investors are now anticipating a significant
slowdown in the economy.
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